1. **Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS):**

This refers to blood sugar levels after fasting for at least 8 hours (usually overnight). A normal fasting blood sugar level is typically between 70 and 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).

2. **Postprandial Blood Sugar (PPBS):**

This refers to blood sugar levels measured about two hours after eating a meal. In individuals without diabetes, a normal postprandial blood sugar level is usually less than 140 mg/dL.

3. **Random Blood Sugar (RBS):**

This refers to blood sugar levels measured at any time during the day, regardless of when the person last ate. For individuals without diabetes, a normal random blood sugar level is typically less than 125 mg/dL.

It’s important to note that these are general guidelines, and target blood sugar levels may vary depending on individual factors such as age, overall health, and whether the person has diabetes or other medical conditions. For individuals with diabetes, target blood sugar levels may be different, and they should work with their healthcare provider to establish personalized goals for blood sugar management.

Consistently high or low blood sugar levels can indicate underlying health issues and may require further evaluation and management by a healthcare professional. If you have concerns about your blood sugar levels, it’s essential to consult with your doctor for appropriate testing, diagnosis, and treatment.

The post Blood Sugar Level – What Is Normal? first appeared on NICODOH PHARMACY.

1. **Monitor and Control Blood Pressure:**
– High blood pressure (hypertension) is a significant risk factor for stroke. Regularly monitor your blood pressure and work with your healthcare provider to keep it within a healthy range through lifestyle changes and, if necessary, medication.

2. **Eat a Healthy Diet:**
– Adopt a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Reduce your intake of saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, and sodium. Following a heart-healthy diet, such as the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, can help lower your risk of stroke.

3. **Maintain a Healthy Weight:**
– Being overweight or obese increases your risk of stroke. Focus on achieving and maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular physical activity.

4. **Exercise Regularly:**
– Engage in moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, such as brisk walking, swimming, or cycling, for at least 150 minutes per week. Incorporate strength training exercises at least two days per week. Regular physical activity helps lower blood pressure, improve cholesterol levels, and maintain overall cardiovascular health.

5. **Quit Smoking:**
– Smoking damages blood vessels and increases the risk of stroke. If you smoke, seek support to quit. Quitting smoking can significantly reduce your risk of stroke and improve your overall health.

6. **Limit Alcohol Consumption:**
– Excessive alcohol consumption can raise blood pressure and increase the risk of stroke. Limit alcohol intake to moderate levels, which is up to one drink per day for women and up to two drinks per day for men.

7. **Manage Chronic Conditions:**
– Control chronic conditions such as diabetes, high cholesterol, and atrial fibrillation (an irregular heartbeat) through medication, lifestyle modifications, and regular monitoring. Proper management of these conditions can help reduce the risk of stroke.

8. **Get Regular Health Screenings:**
– Schedule regular check-ups with your healthcare provider to monitor your blood pressure, cholesterol levels, blood sugar levels, and other risk factors for stroke. Early detection and management of risk factors can help prevent stroke.

9. **Practice Stress Management:**
– Chronic stress can contribute to high blood pressure and other risk factors for stroke. Incorporate stress-reduction techniques such as mindfulness, meditation, deep breathing exercises, yoga, or hobbies that you enjoy.

By incorporating these simple lifestyle changes and preventive measures into your daily routine, you can significantly reduce your risk of stroke and promote overall cardiovascular health.

The post Stroke Prevention first appeared on NICODOH PHARMACY.

1. **Fruits and Vegetables:**
– Incorporate a variety of fruits and vegetables into your meals. They are rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, which can help lower blood pressure. Aim for colorful options like berries, leafy greens, oranges, and bell peppers.

2. **Whole Grains:**
– Choose whole grains over refined grains for your carbohydrates. Whole grains like oats, brown rice, quinoa, and whole wheat contain fiber, which can help lower blood pressure and improve heart health.

3. **Lean Protein Sources:**
– Opt for lean protein sources such as skinless poultry, fish, beans, lentils, and tofu. These proteins are lower in saturated fat and cholesterol compared to red meat and can contribute to overall heart health.

4. **Low-Fat Dairy or Dairy Alternatives:**
– Incorporate low-fat dairy products like skim milk, yogurt, and cheese into your diet. These dairy options provide calcium and vitamin D, which are important for bone health. If you’re lactose intolerant or prefer non-dairy options, choose fortified alternatives like almond milk or soy milk.

5. **Healthy Fats:**
– Include sources of healthy fats in your diet, such as avocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil. These fats can help improve cholesterol levels and reduce inflammation, which may benefit blood pressure regulation.

6. **Potassium-Rich Foods:**
– Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods, as potassium helps balance sodium levels in the body and can help lower blood pressure. Good sources of potassium include bananas, oranges, potatoes, sweet potatoes, tomatoes, spinach, and legumes.

It’s also important to focus on overall dietary patterns, such as following the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, which emphasizes whole foods, fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and low-fat dairy while limiting sodium, saturated fats, and processed foods. Always consult with a healthcare provider or a registered dietitian before making significant changes to your diet, especially if you have any underlying health conditions or are taking medication.

The post Diet Management for High Blood Pressure first appeared on NICODOH PHARMACY.

What is hypertension?

Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a condition where the force of blood against the walls of the arteries is consistently too high.

What are the risk factors for hypertension?

Risk factors include age, family history, being overweight or obese, lack of physical activity, poor diet (especially one high in sodium), excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and certain medical conditions like diabetes or kidney disease.

What are the symptoms of hypertension?

Hypertension is often called a “silent killer” because it typically doesn’t cause noticeable symptoms until it reaches a severe stage. Some people may experience headaches, shortness of breath, nosebleeds, or dizziness, but these symptoms are not specific to hypertension and may indicate other health issues.

How is hypertension diagnosed?

Hypertension is diagnosed by measuring blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer. Blood pressure is recorded as two numbers: systolic pressure (the pressure when the heart beats) over diastolic pressure (the pressure when the heart rests between beats). Normal blood pressure is typically considered to be around 120/80 mmHg.

What are the complications of untreated hypertension?

Untreated hypertension can lead to serious health complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney damage, vision loss, and cognitive decline.

How can hypertension be treated or managed?

Treatment usually involves lifestyle changes such as adopting a healthy diet (low in sodium, rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains), regular exercise, weight management, limiting alcohol intake, and quitting smoking. In some cases, medication may also be prescribed by a healthcare provider.

What lifestyle changes can help lower blood pressure?

Lifestyle changes include reducing sodium intake, increasing potassium intake, maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, limiting alcohol consumption, quitting smoking, managing stress, and getting enough sleep.

How often should blood pressure be checked?

Blood pressure should be checked at least once every two years for adults with normal blood pressure (less than 120/80 mmHg). Those with high blood pressure or other risk factors may need to have their blood pressure checked more frequently, as recommended by their healthcare provider.

The post Hypertension: Most Commonly Asked Questions first appeared on NICODOH PHARMACY.